Effectiveness of Train-the-Trainer Workshops in Intelligent Industrial Robotics

In this work we investigate the effectiveness of two train-the-trainer workshops on intelligent industrial robotics. The two workshops, which took place in summer 2021 in Tennessee and Alabama, were the first of a series of six workshops. A total of 32 persons applied to the two summer workshops from 10 states, of whom 15 attended and successfully completed the workshops. Evaluation results show that the participants' knowledge on industrial robotics significantly improved after the workshops, and the vast majority indicated that the training will be used in their home institutions. The major challenge faced during the workshops was the spread of the delta variant of CoVid-19 at the time the workshops were scheduled to take place, and the wide diversity of the educational background of participants. © 2023 IEEE.

The Efficacy, Safety, And Cost Savings Of High Dose IV Diuretics For Heart Failure Patients In An Outpatient Setting With Limited Hospital Bed Space Due To Covid-19

Introduction: Hospitalization is the greatest expenditure for heart failure treatment, estimated to be 8-15 billion dollars annually with the most common cost due to acute decompensation. An approach to manage this is an infusion clinic for outpatient diuresis and observation is an effective way to reduce the admission rate and improve patient outcomes. There are limited studies about high dose IV diuretics for outpatient treatment and outcomes. Bed availability during 2021 was severely limited due to COVID, and sicker patients were cared for outside of conventional hospital treatment. Hypothesis: High dose IV diuretics for heart failure patients in an infusion clinic can reduce admission rate effectively and safely. Method(s): Patient medical records were retrospectively reviewed. 83 patients with symptomatic decompensation underwent 117 treatments in 2021. They received an individualized, protocol driven bolus and infusion of IV diuretics at the clinic calculated on their baseline diuretic dosing. All but one patient was seen in follow up in 2 business days. Outcomes measured included hospital admission within 30 days, hospital days avoided, and costs saved. Adverse outcomes monitored included acute kidney injury, hypokalemia, symptomatic hypotension, and arrhythmia. Result(s): The patients had an average age of 73.6+/-12.9 years old, 64% male and 36% female. There were 80% of patients with HFpEF. The average weight gain above dry weight was 14.6 pounds. The patients had multiple comorbidities and all have chronic kidney disease stage 3 or higher. They were all on high dose diuretics. The results showed that following treatment the admission rate was 47% with 78% of those diagnosed with heart failure exacerbation. Only 1 patient was hospitalized for AKI and hypokalemia. Two patients had transient AKI at follow-up which resolved with diuretic adjustment. Estimated hospital days avoided was 372 days with a savings of 413,168 dollars based on FY21 direct cost/case. Conclusion(s): COVID-19 significantly limited the ability to provide care for patients with chronic issues in the hospital due to bed availability. Avoiding inpatient admissions on a medically complex, congested group of patients results in a significant cost saving while providing safe and effective care.Copyright © 2022

Engaging diverse populations in aging research during the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons learned from four National Institutes of Health funded-Centers.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on our personal and professional lives required a rapid adaptation to the evolving health crisis and accumulating social stresses. Established measures to reduce the spread of infection and potential death had a direct effect on ongoing research that involved older adults and underrepresented racial/ethnic groups. Although important to preserve public health, these measures risk further isolation of vulnerable research participant populations and threatened established community partnerships. To address the social and research challenges evolving from the COVID-19 pandemic, four National Institutes of Health funded-Centers that engage with community members to enhance research and advance the science of aging came together to learn from each other's efforts, approaches, and communication with community partners. Methods: Monthly meetings served as a venue to discuss the challenges of engagement with research participants and support community partners during the pandemic. The developed learning community also contributed to recognize and address research staff stress and isolation. We describe how these conversations led our Centers to address unprecedented challenges and sustain community engagement within diverse populations, especially Black/African Americans, Latinos, Middle Eastern/Arab Americans and the oldest-old. Results: The exchange of information resulted in maintaining long standing community relationships and partnerships in the face of the uncertainties generated by the pandemic. The strategies included adapting education programs to reduce risk of infection, recognizing symptoms, promoting vaccination and understanding of the effect of COVID-19 to the brain. Different strategies were used to address the effects of isolation and maintain community engagement. Although new research participant enrollment was a challenge, telephone and virtual visits allowed research participants to remain active in research. Community members participation in virtual learning events was variable, ranging from a dozen to hundreds of participants. Invitations to organize panels about newly developed topics indicated the need for information from trusted sources. Conclusion: In sum, the COVID-19 pandemic re - directed all four Centers' commitment to community service led to developing strategies for social support, which will potentially contribute to transforming public perceptions about research and researchers.

Keep DRAGging ON: Is solving more problems in DragonBox 12+ associated with higher mathematical performance during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Prior research has shown that game-based learning tools, such as DragonBox 12+, support algebraic understanding and that students' in-game progress positively predicts their later performance. Using data from 253 seventh-graders (12–13 years old) who played DragonBox as a part of technology intervention, we examined (a) the relations between students' progress within DragonBox and their algebraic knowledge and general mathematics achievement, (b) the moderating effects of students' prior performance on these relations and (c) the potential factors associated with students' in-game progress. Among students with higher prior algebraic knowledge, higher in-game progress was related to higher algebraic knowledge after the intervention. Higher in-game progress was also associated with higher end-of-year mathematics achievement, and this association was stronger among students with lower prior mathematics achievement. Students' demographic characteristics, prior knowledge and prior achievement did not significantly predict in-game progress beyond the number of intervention sessions students completed. These findings advance research on how, for whom and in what contexts game-based interventions, such as DragonBox, support mathematical learning and have implications for practice using game-based technologies to supplement instruction. Practitioner notes What is already known about this topic DragonBox 12+ may support students' understanding of algebra but the findings are mixed. Students who solve more problems within math games tend to show higher performance after gameplay. Students' engagement with mathematics is often related to their prior math performance. What this paper adds For students with higher prior algebraic knowledge, solving more problems in DragonBox 12+ is related to higher algebraic performance after gameplay. Students who make more in-game progress also have higher mathematics achievement, especially for students with lower prior achievement. Students who spend more time playing DragonBox 12+ make more in-game progress;their demographic, prior knowledge and prior achievement are not related to in-game progress. Implications for practice and/or policy DragonBox 12+ can be beneficial as a supplement to algebra instruction for students with some understanding of algebra. DragonBox 12+ can engage students with mathematics across achievement levels. Dedicating time and encouraging students to play DragonBox 12+ may help them make more in-game progress, and in turn, support math learning. © 2023 The Authors. British Journal of Educational Technology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Educational Research Association.

Developing and validating SARS-CoV- 2 assays for nonhuman primate surveillance

Background: Background: Due to the potential threat to nonhuman primates (NHP) the Primate Assay Laboratory (PAL), in collaboration with the National Primate Research Center (NPRC) Pathogen Detection Working Group (PDWG), was tasked with providing testing for SARS-CoV- 2 surveillance. Although some commercial and research reagents and protocols were available, none were well validated for use in NHP. Material(s) and Method(s): PAL formatted a panel of antigens for antibody detection using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and multiplex microbead immunoassay (MMIA) platforms with historical (pre-2018) serum as negative controls;and serum from experimentally infected animals as positive controls. Using the initial MMIA, antibody was correctly identified in 16/16 samples from experimental infections (>10 days post inoculation);and specificity for spike (S), nucleocapsid (NC), receptor binding domain, and whole virus antigens was 96.2%, 94.0%, 94.6%, and 97.8%, respectively on surveillance samples. No samples were positive for both S and NC. Six PDWG laboratories compared this MMIA with nine additional laboratory developed or commercially available assays using shared panels of known positive and negative samples. Despite some variation, all assays demonstrated acceptable performance (www.nprcr esear ch.org/prima te/patho gen-detec tion/PDWG%20Web page%20Upd ate%20Mar ch%202021-SAH.pdf). Result(s): The PAL MMIA has been further refined for use as a two-step screen and confirm algorithm. No known positive samples have been missed. Of the last 1653 surveillance samples, 90 were MMIA screen reactive requiring EIA confirmatory testing. Twenty-three of 90 confirmatory tests were reactive to NC only and 1 to S only;all others were non-reactive. Parallel work validating virus detection methods was also performed. Conclusion(s): We validated accurate assays and a testing algorithm to detect SARS-CoV- 2 infection in nonhuman primates. Over 10 000 animals across the seven NPRC's have been tested, with no detection of spontaneous infections.

Consulting with Children and Parents to Cocreate Resources About Receiving Paediatric Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (Opat)

Aims We aim to showcase how we engaged with children and their parents via a teleconferencing platform (Zoom) using the power of illustration to trigger their recall of going home on outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT). This co-creative consultation work was conducted to address the need, identified by children and parents in a previous research study, for enhanced preparation and information about OPAT. Methods Children (n=4) who had received OPAT and their parents (n=4) were invited to participate by clinicians in the OPAT team at the children's tertiary centre. The children were sent specifically designed activity sheets asking them about their experiences in advance of an online activity consultation via Zoom. There was no set schedule for the online activity, instead conversation was triggered by the researchers asking the children about their drawings and responses in their completed activity sheets. Meanwhile, the illustrator listened, shared their screen, utilised the children's drawings and words and created new images that brought to life, in realtime, the experiences children and their parents shared. Children and their parents were in control of the process as they could direct, confirm or alter the drawings that appeared on the screen and ask for text to be added. Results The freely available, co-developed resources include a 3-minute long animation (figure 1) and an information leaflet (figure 2), has been designed by and for children and their parents. Although remote engagement with children has become more commonplace, the use of real-time, co-creation based on children's illustrations and augmented by professional illustration and animation during the online activity is novel. The strengths (e.g. children enjoyed the approach) and limitations (e.g. reliance on stable Wi-Fi) of this approach have been explored. The findings from this consultation aligned with and added depth to understanding the experiences of children and parents about being at home on OPAT. Link to animation: https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=JERVuqmLLDM Link to information leaflet: https://figshare.edgehill.ac.uk/ articles/figure/Things-you-might-like-to-know-about-having- your-medicine-at-home-information-leaflet-OPAT-/ 19180895/1 872 Figure 1 872 Figure 2 Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the way consultation activities are conducted. This illustration driven, virtual consultation method with children receiving OPAT and their parents was successful and allowed the co-creation of free resources for other children and parents to use. Rather than constrain what was done, using virtual methods meant that children and their parents were able to engage with and co-create ideas for resources from the comfort of their own homes.

Luxury Business: Approaches and Issues

The high growth experienced by luxury companies during the last three decades has attracted the attention of a broad range of scholars from various academic disciplines, from history to management and critical studies. This chapter discusses their respective contributions for a better understanding of contemporary luxury business. Additionally, it offers new perspectives on the major global issues faced by this industry in the post-COVID pandemic era, namely, the globalisation of markets and dependency on China;income inequality, the democratisation of luxury, and authenticity;questions concerning production;sustainability;and the challenges to European dominance of the luxury industry. © Oxford University Press 2022. All rights reserved.

Meeting the expectations of those undergoing elective Caesarean sections during the pandemic

Objective: To assess whether changes in procedure implemented at the QEUH during the pandemic have impacted the experience of elective Caesarean sections for patients and birth partners. Design: Two questionnaires were produced: one for patients, one for birth partners. These included a scale for participants to record how strongly they agreed with 12 statements addressing core expectations. Statements from a 2018 patient satisfaction audit were repeated allowing comparison. Five free text questions were developed to encourage reflection on positive or negative aspects and address the impact of the pandemic. Method: Questionnaires were offered to all patients undergoing elective Caesarean sections over three weeks in October 2021. They were distributed to 30 pairs ahead of theatre;38 responses were collected from 19 patients and birth partners post-delivery. Qualitative data was collated. Categorical variables were analysed by percentage allowing comparison with 2018 findings. Free text responses were reviewed on an individual basis. Results: 68% agreed with every statement. The statements with which patients and birth partners most strongly agreed were regarding feeling treated with respect (97%);feeling safe (95%);feeling comfortable with staff communication (97%);and feeling supported (95%). Notable improvement since 2018 was identified in respondents agreeing their partners were supported (95% from 54%), they were involved in decisions in theatre (79% from 46%), and they were supported to make decisions regarding their baby (79% from 62%). The lowest level of agreement was with the statement 'I feel the information provided in advance prepared me well for what to expect on the day': 50% strongly agreed demonstrating improvement from 48% in 2018;42% felt COVID-19 restrictions had impacted on their experience: 50% explained this was significant in limiting time spent together prior to delivery (partners can only join patients once they reach recovery ahead of their section);19% felt the impact was minimal;84% of the free text responses expressed gratitude and offered positive comments. Conclusions: The QEUH maternity department has achieved overall higher levels of satisfaction than in 2018 despite pandemic driven procedural changes. The greatest impact was limitation on time spent together prior to delivery. The area with most scope for improvement remains the provision of clear advance information, while satisfaction has increased, improvement efforts have been hindered by the reduction in F2F appointments. The volume of positive feedback provided exceeded the expectations of this study, reflecting the positive impact of this team on patients and birth partners.

RAMPVIS: Answering the challenges of building visualisation capabilities for large-scale emergency responses.

The effort for combating the COVID-19 pandemic around the world has resulted in a huge amount of data, e.g., from testing, contact tracing, modelling, treatment, vaccine trials, and more. In addition to numerous challenges in epidemiology, healthcare, biosciences, and social sciences, there has been an urgent need to develop and provide visualisation and visual analytics (VIS) capacities to support emergency responses under difficult operational conditions. In this paper, we report the experience of a group of VIS volunteers who have been working in a large research and development consortium and providing VIS support to various observational, analytical, model-developmental, and disseminative tasks. In particular, we describe our approaches to the challenges that we have encountered in requirements analysis, data acquisition, visual design, software design, system development, team organisation, and resource planning. By reflecting on our experience, we propose a set of recommendations as the first step towards a methodology for developing and providing rapid VIS capacities to support emergency responses.

The von willebrand disease aging and bleeding correlation (VWD ABC) study

Introduction It is well established that von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels increase with age among healthy adults. Recently, there is emerging research demonstrating this may also occur in patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD), particularly type 1 VWD, and may be related to comorbidities. Despite increasing VWF levels, it remains unclear as to whether or not this alters bleeding phenotype. It is also unclear why this occurs most commonly in patients with type 1 VWD, but VWF mutation status may play a role. Older patients commonly undergo invasive procedures, and all VWD patients require periprocedural VWD-specific therapy to ensure appropriate hemostasis. If older type 1 VWD patients have experienced normalization of VWF levels, and no longer have an increased risk of bleeding, VWD-specific therapy may increase thrombosis risk, especially among patients with underlying cardiovascular disease or related risk factors, subject the patient to other adverse reactions such as hyponatremia, and is unnecessarily costly. For these reasons, investigation into the effect of age on VWF levels and bleeding risk in type 1 VWD patients is sorely needed. Methods This is an NHLBI-funded K23 multicenter, cross-sectional study to determine the effect of age on VWF levels and bleeding risk in patients with type 1 VWD, and to determine if pathogenic VWF mutations alter this effect.Individuals with a new or historical diagnosis of type 1 VWD (defined as clinical symptoms consistent with VWD and VWF antigen level or ristocetin cofactor activity <0.50 IU/mL) and age 18 or older are enrolled during routine clinic visits at participating Hemophilia Treatment Centers (HTCs). Following enrollment, pertinent medical history is obtained;the condensed MCMDM-1 VWD Bleeding Assessment Tool is administered, with bleeding history based on bleeding symptoms during the past 5 years;and blood samples are collected for the following: VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) level, VWF ristocetin cofactor activity, factor VIII activity, blood type, and VWF gene sequencing. We hypothesize age is associated with increased VWF:Ag levels and lower condensed MCMDM-1 VWD bleeding scores in patients with type 1 VWD, and this association is weaker among those with a pathogenic VWF mutation. In addition, we hypothesize multimorbidity partially explains the association between age and VWF:Ag levels, and VWF:Ag levels partially explain the association between age and condensed MCMDM-1 VWD bleeding scores in patients with type 1 VWD. A sample size of 250 participants provides 90% power to detect an effect size of Beta=±0.032 points per year of age, which is much smaller than the observed effect size, Beta=-0.080, from preliminary data. The primary analyses will be based on multivariable linear regression models with adjustment for blood type O, exogenous estrogen therapy, multimorbidity (defined as 2 or more of the core set of 20 chronic conditions, i.e., cancer, hypertension, stroke, etc., as selected by the United States Department of Health and Human Services), and medications (aspirin, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, and anticoagulants). In the regression models, two-sided t-tests will be used with an alpha=0.05. Results This multicenter, cross-sectional study consists of seven HTCs: Hemophilia Center of Western Pennsylvania, Children's Hospital of Pennsylvania, Mary M. Gooley Hemophilia Center, Ohio State University, Bleeding & Clotting Disorders Institute, Mayo Clinic, and University of California, San Diego. During the first year of the study, site initiation visits were conducted, regulatory approval obtained, and contracts executed. Delays in these activities occurred in large part due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As the first year of the study concludes, all sites are now active and enrolling participants. Thus far, 43 participants have been enrolled (Table 1). No barriers to enrollment have been encountered and very few patients have declined study participation. Discussion In conclusion, this ongoing multicenter, cross-section study seeks to determine the effect ge has on VWF levels and bleeding risk in patients with type 1 VWD while exploring the role of VWF mutations and multimorbidity in this process. The results will be used to justify a longitudinal study, which is the ideal approach to research the effects of aging in this population.

The Resilience and Mental Health Experiences of Emerging Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Creating Safeguards for the Future

There is limited research on the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on emerging adults from diverse communities, including those with disabilities, international students, and students who identify as part of the LGBTQ2AAI+ community. A purposeful sample of seven undergraduate students, between the ages of 19 and 30, at a university in British Columbia, Canada, participated in this study. In-depth narrative style interviews were conducted via Zoom. Data were analyzed thematically and from a resilience lens framework. This study demonstrates that participants experienced a diversity of challenges, and thus engaged in differing processes of adjustment. Four protective factors were identified: (1) Positive relationships;(2) Perceived efficacy;(3) Purpose and ambition;and (4) Sense of normality. This study contributes towards the limited research base, and thus offers valuable insights, which can inform university policy makers, university administration, and public health policy makers to be better positioned to develop innovative adaptions of services and/or delivery.

Conducting a pediatric randomized clinical trial during a pandemic: A shift to virtual procedures

Purpose of Study Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, we initiated a randomized clinical trial for childhood obesity. The trial consented 131 and randomized 104;6-12 year old patients who reside in rural regions in 4 member states (DE, NE, SC, and WV) of the ECHO IDeA States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network (ISPCTN) Approximately 6 weeks into the 10-week recruitment period, the trial was forced to pause all study activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This pause necessitated a substantial revision in recruitment and study methods to using virtual procedures. This descriptive paper outlines ways to recruit and manage clinical trial participants using technology to obtain informed consent, obtain height and weight measurements by video, and maintain participant engagement throughout the duration of the trial. Methods Used We reviewed multiple data sources to describe the transition to virtual study procedures. These include research electronic data capture (REDCap) surveys conducted both during the pause and at the completion of the study to identify readiness for each site to conduct virtual recruitment and other study procedures as well as at the end of the study to identify issues that each site encountered during the virtual phase of the project. We also reviewed meeting notes and study enrollment figures. Summary of Results The IRB approved study changes allowed for variability between clinical sites in terms of virtual communication platforms and methods for participant consent and height/weight assessment. Identified advantages of the study included ability to conduct visits during all times of the day or evening, and reduced travel requirements. Challenges included poor Internet reliability in some rural areas;additional participant contacts for consent and eligibility screening;shipping delays of materials;reliance on family to perform height and weight measures;increased costs for materials and shipping. Despite the added challenges, all sites were able to meet the study enrollment objectives. Flexibility was key in implementation of virtual procedures given the variations in site resources. Conclusions While each study site had certain challenges unique to their location during the pandemic, we also identified several common issues with the transition to remote procedures. Lessons learned from this study can assist other study groups in navigating challenges, especially when recruiting and implementing studies with a difficult to reach rural and underserved populations or during challenging events like the pandemic.

When the Old Will No Longer Do: School and Community Practices for Student Homelessness Amid COVID-19

In this qualitative case study, we employ 29 semistructured interviews and an array of supplemental data to explore why and how COVID-19 shaped school and community practices around student and family homelessness in Houston, Texas. Drawing on Small’s notion of organizational embeddedness, we find that COVID-19 fundamentally altered school and community practices, as educators and providers faced resource constraints, new concerns about safety, and evolving student and family needs. Providers struggled to meet the depth of need stemming from COVID-19;however, they also embraced innovation in adapting their practices to the pandemic era. We find that this adaptation occurred along a continuum, ranging from pausing or stopping existing practices to developing new practices from scratch. We conclude with implications for theory, research, policy, and practice. © The Author(s) 2021.

Depression and Anxiety in Persons with Von Willebrand Disease

[Formula presented] Background: Depression and anxiety are associated with poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL), lower functioning and decreased treatment adherence. In 2019, 7% adults in the US had moderate/severe symptoms of depression, while <5% had anxiety. Impacts of depression and anxiety in persons with von Willebrand disease (VWD) are unclear and less studied. Objective: We assessed sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with depression and anxiety in a geographically diverse cohort of individuals with VWD obtaining care at seven US Hemophilia Treatment Centers (HTCs). Methods: The study enrolled and collected data on individuals age ≥12 with VWD Type 1 (VWF:Ag/RCo: ≤30%), low VWF(VWF:Ag/RCo: 30-50%), Type 2, and type 3 between September 2018-June 2021. Participants completed a survey at enrollment to collect sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, self-reported pain, joint problems and HRQoL measured by the EQ-5D-3L. A quarterly survey administered one year post-enrollment collected similar data. The patient health questionnaire (PHQ-8) and the generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) were administered with the last follow-up survey after August 2019. Chart reviews ed VWD type information. The association of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics with depression or anxiety was assessed using Chi-square tests for categorical variables, as well as logistic regression models with stepwise selection. Results: We analyzed data from 77 participants who completed both baseline and last follow-up surveys. Mean age was 34.2 (standard deviation (SD)=18.8) years, 74.0% were adults ≥18 years, 79.2% were female, 60.8% had Type 1/low VWF, and 3.9% had Type 3 VWD. Mean age at VWD diagnosis was 13.9 (SD=13.2) years. Overall reported depression rate was 63.4%, and 58.3% for anxiety (values ≥10 on either PHQ-8 or GAD-7). Proportion of those with depression (75% vs. 62%) or anxiety (58% vs. 58%) prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic were not significantly different. Persons with low VWF had higher rates of depression (86.7%) or anxiety (69.2%) as compared to those with type 1 VWD (55.3% for depression, 52.8% for anxiety) or types 2 and 3 (62.5%, 60.9%, p=0.10, not significant (NS) for depression and p=0.56, NS for anxiety, respectively). Females reported a higher rate of anxiety (61.4%) than males (46.7%, p=0.30, NS). When compared to individuals who rated their general health as the same or better than 3-months ago, those who rated their health as worse had significantly higher rates of depression (92.3% vs. 57.8%, p=0.02) and anxiety (83.3% vs. 53.3%, p=0.05). Participants with chronic pain reported a significantly higher depression rate (81.6% vs. 36.8%, p=0.0003). Those who reported having joint problems also reported depression at a significantly higher rate (82.4% vs. 48.8%, p=0.002) or anxiety (74.1% vs. 46.3%, p=0.02) than those without joint problems. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that among adults or parents of pediatric patients, being single or not with a partner was the most important variable associated with depression (odds ratio (OR)=7.0, confidence interval (CI): 1.7-29.0), followed by having joint problems (OR=6.3, CI=2.0-20.1). The most important variable associated with anxiety was being a youth aged 12-18 years old (OR=6.7, CI=1.6-26.9), followed by being single or not with a partner (OR=10.8, CI=2.5-47.5), or having worse health compared to 3-months prior (OR=12.3, CI=1.3-116.2). Mean covariates adjusted EQ index scores were lower among persons with depression (0.75±standard error (SE) 0.03 vs. 0.83±0.04, p=0.06 NS) or anxiety (0.75±0.03 vs. 0.82±0.04, p=0.7 NS) than among those without depression or anxiety. As compared to individuals without depression or anxiety, mean covariates adjusted EQ VAS was significantly lower in persons with depression (68.7±3.1 vs. 77.6±4.2, p=0.03), but not among those with anxiety (69.3±3.7 vs. 71.3±4.3, p=0.66 NS). Conclusions: Our study revealed higher rates of major depression and anxiety in thi VWD sample than the general US population. Depression had a significant negative impact on HRQoL. Mental health screening is imperative for persons with VWD, especially those with low VWF, chronic pain or joint problems. Special attention should be paid to women and youth. This study underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach in the comprehensive care of patients seen at HTCs. Disclosures: Roberts: Genentech, Novo Nordisk, Octapharma, Pfizer, Sanofi, Takeda, uniQure: Consultancy;Takeda;Speakers Bureau: Novo Nordisk, Octapharma, Sanofi, Takeda.: Research Funding. Kulkarni: Genentech: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;CSL Behring: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Shire/Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Novo Nordisk: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Bayer: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Sanofi Genzyme: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Pfizer: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Octapharma: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Sidonio: Bayer: Consultancy;Catalyst: Consultancy;Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding;Novo Nordisk: Consultancy;Guardian Therapeutics: Consultancy;Octapharma: Consultancy, Research Funding;Biomarin: Consultancy;Pfizer: Consultancy;Takeda: Consultancy, Research Funding. Carpenter: Genentech: Honoraria;Novo Nordisk: Honoraria;Kedrion Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria;Hemophilia and Thrombosis Research Society: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Konkle: Pfizer, Sangamo, Sanofi, Sigilon, Spark, Takeda and Uniqure: Research Funding;BioMarin, Pfizer and Sigilon: Consultancy. Wu: Baxalta US Inc., Bannockburn, IL (a Takeda Company), CSL Behring L.L.C., Octapharma USA, Inc., Genentech Inc.: Research Funding. Curtis: Pfizer, Bayer, and Novo Nordisk: Consultancy;University of Southern California: Consultancy. Nichol: Pfizer, Genentech Inc., Baxalta US Inc., Bannockburn, IL (a Takeda Company), Octapharma, CSL Behring, Global Blood Therapeutics, and Novo Nordisk: Research Funding.

Perceptions of Efficacy are Key Determinants of Mask-Wearing Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Public health officials recommend wearing a mask to reduce the spread of COVID-19, yet individual compliance varies. Understanding the full range of determinants of mask-wearing is critical for promoting evidence-based public health solutions to slow the spread of COVID-19. Using data from a survey of 3,059 respondents across six US states, this study investigates the relationship between psychological factors, including threat- and efficacy-related perceptions, on mask-wearing behavior. It is found that respondents' perceptions of self-efficacy (e.g., ability to wear a mask) and response efficacy (e.g., effectiveness of mask-wearing in reducing COVID-19 transmission) better predict mask-wearing behavior than a number of commonly cited sociodemographic factors. These results suggest that messaging focused on the relative ease and effectiveness of mask wearing may help increase compliance with public health recommendations for mitigating COVID-19. (C) 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.